Head and neck cancers
head and neck cancers are those that grow in and around the throat, larynx, nose, sinuses and mouth.
- Larynx cancers
[voicebox] helps us speak, swallow, and breathe. - Oral cavity cancers
This includes the lips, tongue, gums, and mouth. - Salivary glands cancers
- Pharynx cancers
- Nasal cavity cancers
Head and Neck
Cancer Risks
tobacco (both cigarettes and chewing tobacco) alcohol especially
when used together. industrial toxins (e.g., wood dust, paint fumes), dietary factors, human papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), asbestos exposure
and radiation. Certain ethnic groups (particularly Chinese) are
more vulnerable, as are those from Southeast Asia who chew
betel nut, and South Americans who drink mate, a beverage
similar to tea.
Cancer Symptoms
a lump [ swelling/mass ] or sore [ ulcer ] that doesn’t heal, persistent
sore throat, difficulty swallowing and hoarseness [ change in voice ] . Patients may also experience bleeding from the mouth, swelling
of the jaw, frequent congestion, sinus infections that don’t respond
to treatment, headaches, earaches, facial numbness or paralysis,
enlarged lymph nodes and an unexplained loss of weight.
Diagnosis
Biopsy
CTscan / sonography
MRI
Cancer Treatments
surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy or a combination of the above.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s)
What are common head and neck conditions, and why should you pay attention to them?
Head and neck conditions include a variety of issues affecting your throat, voice, lymph nodes, salivary glands, and surrounding tissues. Common problems may involve:
Persistent lumps or swelling
Pain or stiffness in the neck
Difficulty swallowing or breathing
Unexplained weight loss or fatigue
Early detection and evaluation are crucial because some conditions, if untreated, can lead to serious complications or indicate more severe underlying health issues.
How can your ENT team provide a different approach to head and neck care?
Our specialists take a comprehensive, personalized approach:
Detailed examination and medical history review
Advanced imaging and diagnostic tools to identify the exact cause
Tailored treatment plans including medications, minimally invasive procedures, or surgery if needed
Education on lifestyle and preventive measures to reduce recurrence
You receive care focused not only on treating the condition but also on maintaining long-term head and neck health.
What signs indicate that a head or neck issue requires urgent attention?
Watch for warning signs such as:
Rapidly growing lumps or swelling
Persistent pain that doesn’t improve
Difficulty breathing or swallowing
Unexplained changes in voice or speech
Prompt evaluation helps prevent complications and ensures timely, effective treatment.
What treatment options are available for head and neck conditions?
Treatment depends on the type and severity of your condition:
Medications: For infections, inflammation, or pain management
Minimally invasive procedures: To drain cysts or remove benign growths
Surgical interventions: For larger tumors, persistent issues, or structural corrections
Your ENT specialist will recommend the safest, most effective option tailored to your needs.
Can head and neck conditions affect different age groups differently?
Yes. Children may experience congenital issues, frequent infections, or reactive lymph nodes, while adults may develop chronic inflammation, growths, or age-related structural problems. Our team considers age-specific factors to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective treatment for everyone.
What are the potential complications if head and neck issues are untreated?
Untreated conditions can lead to:
Persistent pain or swelling
Difficulty swallowing, speaking, or breathing
Chronic infections or recurrent problems
Rarely, progression to malignant conditions
Early evaluation is key to avoiding long-term health impacts.
How can you manage head and neck cancer at home effectively?
While medical treatment is essential, you can support your recovery with:
Maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables
Staying hydrated and getting adequate rest
Avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol consumption
Practicing good oral hygiene
Managing stress through relaxation techniques
These measures help reduce discomfort and support quicker recovery.
When should you seek urgent medical care for head and neck concerns?
Seek immediate attention if you notice:
Rapidly growing lumps or swelling
Persistent pain or difficulty swallowing
Unexplained changes in voice or speech
Bleeding from the mouth or nose
Unexplained weight loss or fatigue
Early intervention ensures complications are avoided and recovery is faster.